Microbial Content and Viability: This is crucial as biofertilizers rely on the activity of specific microorganisms. Tests are conducted to ensure the presence of the correct strain and its viability in terms of number and health. This often involves plate counting or molecular methods for quantification and identification.

Nutrient Content: Biofertilizers are expected to supply plants with nutrients, so testing for the presence and concentration of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is essential.

Contaminant Levels: Ensuring the product is free from harmful pathogens or contaminants is vital for safety. This includes testing for the presence of unwanted bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms.

Shelf Life and Stability: The product should remain effective over a specified shelf life. This involves testing the viability of microorganisms and the stability of nutrient content over time under various storage conditions.

Effectiveness in Plant Growth: Field or greenhouse trials are conducted to assess the impact of the biofertilizer on plant growth, yield, and health. This involves comparing treated plants with untreated controls under similar conditions.

Compatibility with Other Agricultural Inputs: It’s important to know how the biofertilizer interacts with other common agricultural inputs like chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and soil types.

Ease of Application: The method of application (e.g., soil drench, seed treatment) and the ease with which it can be applied are also considered.

Environmental Impact: Assessing the eco-friendliness of the product, ensuring it doesn't harm the environment, and potentially evaluating its role in sustainable agriculture practices.

Regulatory Compliance: Meeting the standards and regulations set by agricultural and environmental authorities.